LEARNERS WITH EXCEPTIONALITIES

1. Disability- is a measurable impairment or limitation that interferes with the persons ability.

2. Handicap- is a disadvantages that occurs as a result of a disability or impairment.

*CATEGORIES OF EXCEPTIONALITIES

1. Specific cognitive or academic difficulties

Learning Disabilities- involve difficulties in specific cognitive processes like perception language, memory or metacognition.

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder- is manifisted both of these: 1. difficulty in focusing and maintaining attention and 2. reccurent hyperactive and impulsive behavior.

2. Speech and Communication Disorder- is difficulty in spoken language including voice disorder.

3. Social/ Emotional and bahavioral Difficulties

Autism- is a condition manifisted by different levels of impaired social interaction and communication repetitive behaviors and limited interests.

Mental Retardation- refers  to a significant sub-average intelligence and deficits in adaptive behavior.

Emotional/ Conduct Disorder- involves the presence of emotional states like depressions and aggresion over a considerable amount of time.

4. Physical Disabilities and Health Impairments

Physical and Health Impairment- physical or medical conditions(usually long term)

Severe and Multiple Disabilities- refers to the presence of two or more different types of disability.

5. Sensory Impairments

Visual Impairment- conditions when there is malfunction of the eyes or optic nerves that prevent normal vision even with corrective lenses.

Hearing Impairment- malfunction of the ear or auditory nerves.

6. Giftedness- involve a significantly high level of cognitive development.

-PEOPLE FIRST LANGUAGE

Avoiding generic labels

Emphasizing  abilities, not limitations.

Avoiding euphemisms

Avoiding implying illness or suffering.

Reflection:

               In this topic the lesson is to understand the situation of a person with disabilities, each of us has the weakness in every situation we encountered like those people with disabilities.So we must treat them in a good way because some of them excel in learning rather than those people who is complete but didn't excel in learning.